When is polishing on root surfaces contraindicated?

• A. On exposed root surfaces with sensitive cementum/dentin or when root surfaces are already smooth and not stained.
• B. On all root surfaces regardless.
• C. Only when caries are present.
• D. Only on newly erupted teeth.

Answer: (A)

Polishing root surfaces is not routinely done and is avoided in two key situations. First, when the root surface is exposed and the cementum or dentin is sensitive. The polishing abrasives can wear away the cementum and expose dentin, increasing sensitivity and the risk of abrasion or irritation of the periodontal tissues. Second, when the root surface is already smooth and there are no extrinsic stains to remove. In that case, polishing offers little to no benefit and could unnecessarily remove protective layers or introduce roughness if overdone. So, polishing is contraindicated on exposed, sensitive root surfaces and on surfaces that are already smooth and not stained.